Key Component Selection: Dual Considerations of IVD Instrument Performance and Cost

In the entire IVD product development, optics, as the most important applied science, can affect the final result of the product.

The optical system structure is mainly composed of light source, optical path and signal receiving and conversion parts.

Optical system structure

· According to the different principles of the detection instrument, the light source includes an active light source that uses electricity and a passive light source that emits light.

· The optical path part is mainly lenses, filters and apertures, etc., the purpose is to focus or diverge the light in the direction we need, so as to obtain the required signal.

· The signal receiving part includes a photoelectric conversion sensor and supporting circuits, which converts the optical signal into an electrical signal and performs filtering, amplification and analog-to-digital conversion, etc., so as to obtain the required signal quantity.

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Photoelectric conversion sensor selection

In IVD instruments, photoelectric conversion sensors are important components, and their parameters and performance directly affect the performance of the entire optical system. At present, Hamamatsu of Japan is the most popular brand. Although domestic companies have made breakthroughs in some aspects, they are still inferior to Hamamatsu of Japan in overall evaluation and are difficult to replace in the short term. Therefore, in the selection process, the following points need to be noted:

1. Response wavelength range

The photoelectric conversion sensor has a corresponding wavelength response range. When selecting a suitable sensor, the wavelength range of the optical system of the instrument should be considered. In the visible light range, the wavelength conversion efficiency is the highest, while in the ultraviolet light range, the wavelength conversion efficiency is low, and the conversion efficiency needs to be focused on. At the same time, the peak wavelength of the sensor's efficiency also needs to be paid attention to. The picture is a conversion efficiency curve of the same series of sensors for different wavelengths given by the manufacturer.

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2. Background noise

The background noise of the sensor is another important indicator, and its size directly affects the interference to the effective signal. The background noise of the sensor is generally controlled at 10-20pA and is deducted in subsequent calculations.

3. Sensor size and packaging

The spatial size and packaging need to be considered when selecting. The size and packaging of the sensor need to match the requirements of the instrument's optical system so that it can be better integrated into the instrument. At the same time, the size and packaging also directly affect the sensor's sensitivity, response speed, noise and other performance.

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4. Receiver Surface Size

For optical detection systems, apertures or lenses can make all the light spots fall within the area where the sensor silicon photodiodes are distributed. Therefore, the size of the sensor surface is a very important parameter. Different sensor surface sizes will constrain the design of the optical path and light spot, thereby affecting the performance of the entire IVD instrument.

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5. Cost

In addition to performance parameters, cost is also an important indicator to consider when selecting devices. With the intensification of centralized procurement and competition, cost control is particularly important. In POCT devices at the grassroots level of the target market, costs need to be carefully calculated. Therefore, when selecting devices, it is necessary to pay attention to both their performance and cost to ensure that the selected devices meet the requirements of the project and have a reasonable price.

Suggestions for my country's optical construction and development

For the domestic IVD instrument industry, domestic substitution of key components has become one of the most pressing issues at present.

Only through continuous breakthroughs in the research and development, manufacturing and application of key components can the comprehensive surpassing of domestic instruments be achieved.

In short, when selecting devices, it is necessary to consider comprehensively from multiple aspects, including sensor surface size, performance parameters and cost indicators.

Only by reasonably selecting and applying key components can IVD instruments have better performance and more competitive prices.

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